[30][31] Up to 15 out of 100 premature infants have significant hearing loss. Premature babies may also develop a lung disorder known as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The limit of viability has also become a factor in the abortion debate.[26]. [190], The world's smallest premature boy to survive was born in February 2009 at Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota in Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. Jonathon Whitehill was born at 25 weeks' gestation with a weight of 310 grams (11 oz). You may be able to get extended coverage after the birth if you've had a c-section or medical complications, but your doctor must certify this. Some women begin taking their leave a week to a month before the expected birth because of discomfort or the desire for time to prepare. The lungs are one of the last organs to mature in the womb; because of this, many premature babies spend the first days and weeks of their lives on ventilators. Care of the neonatal intensive care unit graduate. However, there is no research in this area so it is unclear whether the risk scoring systems would prolong pregnancy and reduce the numbers of preterm births or not. [20], Despite the neurosensory, mental and educational problems studied in school age and adolescent children born extremely preterm, the majority of preterm survivors born during the early years of neonatal intensive care are found to do well and to live fairly normal lives in young adulthood. Twelve percent had disabling cerebral palsy. While treatments to arrest early labor where there is progressive cervical dilatation and effacement will not be effective to gain sufficient time to allow the fetus to grow and mature further, it may defer delivery sufficiently to allow the mother to be brought to a specialized center that is equipped and staffed to handle preterm deliveries. The medical term for a pregnant woman is genetalian, just as the medical term for the potential baby is embryo (early weeks) and then fetus (until birth). Make a donation. [53] No single gene has been identified. In 2019, preterm birth affected 1 of every 10 infants born in the United States. ", "What treatments can reduce the chances of preterm labor & birth? Preterm infants usually show physical signs of prematurity in reverse proportion to the gestational age. In the U.S. where many neonatal infections and other causes of neonatal death have been markedly reduced, prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal mortality at 25%. [127], Beside reducing respiratory distress, other neonatal complications are reduced by the use of glucocorticosteroids, namely intraventricular bleeding, necrotising enterocolitis, and patent ductus arteriosus. These babies are known as preemies or premmies. But the earlier your baby is born, the higher the risk of complications. How to use in utero in a sentence. Most preterm births happen spontaneously, but some are parrot mouth. Severely premature infants may have underdeveloped lungs because they are not yet producing their own surfactant. It has been reported that asymptomatic colonization of the decidua occurs in up to 70% of women at term using a DNA probe suggesting that the presence of micro-organism alone may be insufficient to initiate the infectious response. (In medical articles, you may see the term “spontaneous abortion” used in place of miscarriage.) A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. Preconception intervention can be helpful in selected patients in a number of ways. FH: Fetal heart. by Penelope Bryant, Cheryl Anne Jones, David Burgner And Nigel Curtis, The Conversation Premature babies are at risk of blood problems such as anemia and newborn jaundice. Some women have a weak or short cervix[59] (the strongest predictor of premature birth)[62][63][64] Women with vaginal bleeding during pregnancy are at higher risk for preterm birth. working long hours while standing on feet, carbon monoxide exposure, domestic abuse, and other factors). How to use prenatal in a sentence. [78], A number of maternal bacterial infections are associated with preterm birth including pyelonephritis, asymptomatic bacteriuria, pneumonia, and appendicitis. [170] Throughout life they are more likely to require services provided by physical therapists, occupational therapists, or speech therapists. Prefixes may also indicate a location, number, or time. Accessed Nov. 2, 2017. [77] In Europe and many developed countries the preterm birth rate is generally 5–9%, and in the USA it has even risen to 12–13% in the last decades.[175]. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Nov. 9, 2017. Two meta-analyses demonstrated a reduction in the risk of preterm birth in women with recurrent preterm birth by 40–55%. [34], Identifying women at high risk of giving birth early would enable the health services to provide specialized care for these women to delay the birth or make sure they are in the best place to give birth (for example a hospital with a special care baby unit). While antibiotics can get rid of bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy, this does not appear to change the risk of preterm birth. While all newborns experience a slow drop in red blood cell count during the first months of life, the decrease may be greater in premature babies. [134], A number of medications may be useful to delay delivery including: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, calcium channel blockers, beta mimetics, and atosiban. The larger twin left the hospital at the end of December, while the smaller remained there until 10 February 2005 by which time her weight had increased to 1.18 kg (2.6 lb). Hypothermia in a premature baby can lead to breathing problems and low blood sugar levels. In developing countries where advanced equipment and even electricity may not be available or reliable, simple measures such as kangaroo care (skin to skin warming), encouraging breastfeeding, and basic infection control measures can significantly reduce preterm morbidity and mortality. ... Medical Terminology-Chapter 14. You may see 'FH heard' or 'FHH' on your notes. Premature babies, especially those born very early, often have complicated medical problems. Also called premature. The average length of labor is about 14 hours for a first pregnancy and about eight hours in subsequent pregnancies. Often labor has to be induced for medical reasons; such conditions include high blood pressure,[59] pre-eclampsia,[60] maternal diabetes,[61] asthma, thyroid disease, and heart disease. [152] The evidence from clinical trials is uncertain regarding the effects on preterm babies' growth of supplementing human milk with carbohydrate[153] and fat. [12] Typical glucocorticoids that would be administered in this context are betamethasone or dexamethasone, often when the pregnancy has reached viability at 23 weeks. Approximately 6 to 8 per cent of all live births in the United States are premature, and premature births … Thirty-four percent were mildly disabled and 20 percent had no disabilities, while 12 percent had disabling cerebral palsy. [37] The risk of preterm birth is more elevated when celiac disease remains undiagnosed and untreated. [119] However, progestogens are not effective in all populations, as a study involving twin gestations failed to see any benefit. J Perinat Med. Medical induction may cause an infection or bleeding that may be life-threatening for you and your unborn baby. Accessed Nov. 3, 2017. The medical term which means respiratory distress of the newborn especially premature infants is: Definition hyaline membrane disease, respiratory distress syndrome [72] This ought not be confused with massage conducted by a fully trained and licensed massage therapist or by significant others trained to provide massage during pregnancy, which has been shown to have numerous positive results during pregnancy, including the reduction of preterm birth, less depression, lower cortisol, and reduced anxiety. Genetics has been a big factor into why Filipinos have a high risk of premature birth as the Filipinos have a large prevalence of mutations that help them be predisposed to premature births. [154] When a mother's breastmilk is not available, formula is probably better than donor breast milk for preterm babies in terms of weight gain, linear growth and head growth but there may be little or no difference in terms of neurodevelopmental disability, death or necrotising enterocolitis. She was born at 21 weeks 4 days and weighed 410 grams (less than a pound). anti-against, opposing Example: antisepsis- against infection. John Dean, H. Hailey, S. J. Moore, David J Lloyd, P. D. Turnpenny, Julian Little. Most preterm births happen spontaneously, but some are due to early induction of labour or caesarean birth, whether for medical or non-medical reasons. [93], Obstetric ultrasound has become useful in the assessment of the cervix in women at risk for premature delivery. Butler Tobah YS (expert opinion). [1], The cause of preterm birth is often not known. [52][needs update]. Birth is considered premature, or preterm, when it occurs before the 37th week of pregnancy. Overview. The mental status of the women is of significance. [97], Adoption of specific professional policies can immediately reduce risk of preterm birth as the experience in assisted reproduction has shown when the number of embryos during embryo transfer was limited. [7][17] The chance of survival at 22 weeks is about 6%, while at 23 weeks it is 26%, 24 weeks 55% and 25 weeks about 72%. In contrast to false labour, true labor is accompanied by cervical dilatation and effacement. Genetic make-up is a factor in the causality of preterm birth. This content does not have an Arabic version. But premature birth can happen to anyone. (This might happen if you have a serious medical condition, such as severe or worsening preeclampsia or if your baby has stopped growing, for example.) [202][203] In another study, a 25% quartile decrease in white matter values in middle temporal gyrus was associated with a 60% increase in the risk of cognitive impairment. [74], Infectious microorganisms can be ascending, hematogeneous, iatrogenic by a procedure, or retrograde through the Fallopian tubes. [191], Historical figures who were born prematurely include Johannes Kepler (born in 1571 at seven months' gestation), Isaac Newton (born in 1642, small enough to fit into a quart mug, according to his mother), Winston Churchill (born in 1874 at seven months' gestation), and Anna Pavlova (born in 1885 at seven months' gestation). [135] Tocolysis rarely delays delivery beyond 24–48 hours. [41] Anything that has given birth before. paroxysm . https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/preterm/Pages/default.aspx. [6][12] A number of medications, including nifedipine, may delay delivery so that a mother can be moved to where more medical care is available and the corticosteroids have a greater chance to work. [86][87][88][89][90][91] In one investigation comparing this test to fetal fibronectin testing and cervical length measurement via transvaginal ultrasound, the test for PAMG-1 (commercially known as the PartoSure test) has been reported to be the single best predictor of imminent spontaneous delivery within 7 days of a patient presenting with signs, symptoms, or complaints of preterm labor. In addition, some preterm babies may experience prolonged pauses in their breathing, known as apnea. Preterm births can cause a range of problems.[20][21]. [5] Evidence does not support the usefulness of bed rest. Accessed Oct. 17, 2017. [108][109], There is tentative evidence that ultrasound measurement of the length of the cervix in those with preterm labor can help adjust management and results in the extension of pregnancy by about 4 days.[110]. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/pertussis/recs-summary.html. "I didn't think I would ever [...]. [2] Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, being pregnant with more than one baby, being either obese or underweight, a number of vaginal infections, air pollution including tobacco smoking, and psychological stress. Fetal infection is linked to preterm birth and to significant long-term handicap including cerebral palsy.[75]. First of all, you should know that a geriatric pregnancy is just a label from the medical world that was created a long time ago. medical terminology prefixes. [178] Prenatal diagnosis is diagnosis before birth by techniques such as ultrasound, chorionic villus sampling (CVS), and … Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Brain volume reduction seems to be present throughout the whole brain. Miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy in the first 24 weeks (UK) and 20-weeks (US). post/nat/al: Definition. Meta- medical term defined and online flashcards. [96], Additional support during pregnancy does not appear to prevent low birthweight or preterm birth.[106]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [8] Premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems and sight problems. [183], Amillia Taylor is also often cited as the most premature baby. Preterm labor and birth. [82][83] In contrast, viral infections, unless accompanied by a significant febrile response, are considered not to be a major factor in relation to preterm birth. Since both smaller and larger regional volumes were found in very preterm individuals compared to controls. [41] Maternal height and weight can play a role. Placental abruption can deprive the baby of oxygen and nutrients and cause heavy bleeding in the mother. Stewart J. There is ongoing discussion about when steroids should be given (i.e. Abruptio placentae- (Latin, "breaking off"). The hymen is a thin membrane of tissue that surrounds and narrows the vaginal opening. [2] In women who might deliver between 24 and 37 weeks, corticosteroids improve outcomes. [171] Young adults born preterm seem to acknowledge that they have more health problems than their peers, yet feel the same degree of satisfaction with their quality of life. However, many women experience a much longer or shorter labor. [1] About 15 million babies are preterm each year (5% to 18% of all deliveries). Prenatal development is the growth of a single-celled zygote formed by the combination of a sperm and an egg into a baby. The high-risk infant. The earliest gestational age at which the infant has at least a 50% chance of survival is referred to as the limit of viability. [96] Routine ultrasound examination of the length of the cervix identifies patients at risk, but cerclage is not proven useful, and the application of a progestogen is under study. Premature birth is birth that happens too soon, before 37 weeks of pregnancy. [23] Prematurely born infants are also at greater risk for having subsequent serious chronic health problems as discussed below. Systematic review and meta-analysis", "Millions of premature births could be linked to air pollution, study finds", "Traffic Congestion and Infant Health: Evidence from E-ZPass", "Harmful air pollution 'definitely too high for the public' near city roads, study suggests", "The preterm prediction study: the value of new vs standard risk factors in predicting early and all spontaneous preterm births. [96] It means your baby's heartbeat has been heard. [45] This discrepancy is not seen in comparison to other Asian groups or Hispanic immigrants and remains unexplained. What is Short-Term Disability? When Lizzie Stoltz went into labor more than two months early with her second child at Mayo Clinic Health System in Bloomer, Wisconsin, she and the baby needed specialized care. Antepartum haemorrhage — bleeding before birth. [2] In the United Kingdom they are about 7.9% and in the United States they are about 12.3% of all births. [18] With extensive treatment up to 30% of those who survive birth at 22 weeks survive longer term as of 2019. The perinatal period is defined in diverse ways. During this procedure, the cervix is stitched closed with strong sutures that may provide extra support to the uterus. Signs and symptoms of preterm labor include four or more uterine contractions in one hour. [96] In May 2019, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women & Newborns in San Diego announced that a baby nicknamed "Saybie" had been discharged almost five months after being born at 23 weeks gestation and weighing 244 grams (8.6 oz). Generally, preterm babies are premature and term babies are mature. [81], Also periodontal disease has been shown repeatedly to be linked to preterm birth. The definition of antenatal is the period before something is born. “This is an important first step in identifying nonviral mediated approaches for delivering cutting-edge therapies before birth,” said co-senior author William H. Peranteau, MD, an attending surgeon in the Division of General, Thoracic and Fetal Surgery and the Adzick-McCausland Distinguished Chair in Fetal and Pediatric Surgery at CHOP. Some signs of prematurity include the following: The following tables show the median birth weight, length and head circumference of premature babies at different gestational ages for each sex. Depending on how much care your baby requires, he or she may be admitted to an intermediate care nursery or the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In multiple pregnancies, which often result from use of assisted reproductive technology, there is a high risk of preterm birth. [155] There is some indication that preterm babies who cannot breastfeed may do better if they are fed only with diluted formula compared to full strength formula but the clinical trial evidence remains uncertain. Ask your doctor if you need to avoid vigorous activity during the remainder of your pregnancy. [81] The women being routinely tested also gave birth to fewer babies with a low birth weight. Preterm labor and birth: An overview. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2016. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Patients with certain uterine anomalies may have a surgical correction (i.e. Childbirth Definition Childbirth includes both labor (the process of birth) and delivery (the birth itself); it refers to the entire process as an infant makes its way from the womb down the birth canal to the outside world. Screening for asymptomatic bacteriuria followed by appropriate treatment reduces pyelonephritis and reduces the risk of preterm birth. Modern neonatal intensive care involves sophisticated measurement of temperature, respiration, cardiac function, oxygenation, and brain activity. Lizzie Stoltz was [...], Jess, Chet and Alex Pederson At times, Jess Pederson thought she might never become a mother. Preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks' gestational age, as opposed to the usual about 40 weeks. A multiple pregnancy involves more than one offspring, such as with twins. ", "Risk-scoring systems for predicting preterm birth with the aim of reducing associated adverse outcomes", "Celiac disease and reproductive disorders: meta-analysis of epidemiologic associations and potential pathogenic mechanisms", "Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth", "Worry about racial discrimination: A missing piece of the puzzle of Black-White disparities in preterm birth? A randomized trial showed a significant decline in preterm birth rates,[115] and further studies are in the making. A normal pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks. Prenatal care is the regular health care women should receive from an obstetrician or midwife during pregnancy. [158], The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) state that for preterm infants who are in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a prolonged time should have a diagnostic audiologic evaluation before they are discharged from the hospital. How to use prenatal in a sentence. [186] This record was broken in September 2004 by Rumaisa Rahman, who was born in the same hospital, Loyola University Medical Center in Maywood, Illinois. The main categories of causes of preterm birth are preterm labor induction and spontaneous preterm labor. [79] Another review found that one dose of antibiotics did not seem as effective as a course of antibiotics but fewer women reported side effects from one dose. [18] The chances of survival without any long-term difficulties are lower. [10], In those at risk, the hormone progesterone, if taken during pregnancy, may prevent preterm birth. Placental abruption (abruptio placentae) is an uncommon yet serious complication of pregnancy. Your health care team can help you understand what is needed and what your baby's care plan will be. Subfertility is associated with preterm birth. The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) is a law that requires most companies to allow their employees up to 12 weeks of unpaid family leave time after the birth of their child. Atrial septal defects commonly seen in babies with bronchopulmonary dysplasia because their lungs are so fragile. At birth, she was 8 inches (200 mm) long and weighed 261 grams (9.2 oz). Boyle AK, et al. Additionally, reductions in cortical surface area/cortical thickness were found in the temporal lobes bilaterally and in left frontal and parietal areas. Temperature control problems. [12] Steroid use up to 37 weeks is also recommended by the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. That's why smaller premature infants require additional heat from a warmer or an incubator until they're larger and able to maintain body temperature without assistance. [185] This report has created some confusion as her gestation was measured from the date of conception (through in vitro fertilization) rather than the date of her mother's last menstrual period, making her appear 2 weeks younger than if gestation was calculated by the more common method. [73], The frequency of infection in preterm birth is inversely related to the gestational age. Der Lesben- und Schwulenverband in Deutschland (LSVD) vertritt Interessen von Lesben, Schwulen, Bisexuellen, trans- und intergeschlechtlichen Menschen (LSBTI). [104] Supplemental intake of C and E vitamins have not been found to reduce preterm birth rates. [96][137] Magnesium sulfate does not appear to be useful to prevent preterm birth. A type of medical condition in which an animal’s top teeth protrude over its lower teeth. n. pregnant mammal before birth occurs (applies to w ... Medical term , not used ... babymoon. From the deciduas they may reach the space between the amnion and chorion, the amniotic fluid, and the fetus. The OB patient, currently pregnant with her third baby, will become a Gravida 3, Para 3 after giving birth. In California, for example, you're covered at 55 percent of your usual salary up to a maximum of $1,075 per week for up to four weeks before your due date and up to six weeks after delivery. [2], Preterm birth is the most common cause of death among infants worldwide. [1] The earlier a baby is born, the greater these risks will be. The EUROPOP study showed that preterm birth is not related to type of employment, but to prolonged work (over 42 hours per week) or prolonged standing (over 6 hours per day). [195] The number of preterms that receive special education is doubled compared to the general population. Prophylactic antibiotic administration has been shown to prolong pregnancy and reduced neonatal morbidity with rupture of membranes at less than 34 weeks. One of the main organs greatly affected by premature birth is the lungs. [197], Birth at less than a specified gestational age. Specifically, the PPV, or positive predictive value, of the tests were 76%, 29%, and 30% for PAMG-1, fFN and CL, respectively (P < 0.01). Creasy RK, et al., eds. Many countries have established specific programs to protect pregnant women from hazardous or night-shift work and to provide them with time for prenatal visits and paid pregnancy-leave. Abruptio placentae- (Latin, "breaking off"). [46] Studies on type of work and physical activity have given conflicting results, but it is opined that stressful conditions, hard labor, and long hours are probably linked to preterm birth. In: Creasy and Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine: Principles and Practice. While the rupture of the membranes may not be followed by labor, usually delivery is indicated as infection (chorioamnionitis) is a serious threat to both fetus and mother. Gestational age was positively correlated with volumes of the temporal and fusiform gyri and sensorimotor cortex bilaterally, left inferior parietal lobule, brain stem, and various white matter tracts, as well as specific positive associations with the cerebellum and thalamus. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/congenital-cardiovascular-anomalies/patent-ductus-arteriosus-pda?qt=patent%20ductus%20arteriosus&alt=sh. [19] Of those who survival following birth at 22 weeks 33% have severe disabilities. ", "What treatments are used to prevent preterm labor and birth? In the UK, a stillbirth is legally defined as the birth of a baby with no signs of life at, or after, 24 completed weeks of gestation.. For consistency, we have used the term ‘fetus’ to describe the baby before birth, and ‘baby’ after birth.Within the document, ‘parents’ refers to the mother and her partner. [189] Generally healthy, the twins had to undergo laser eye surgery to correct vision problems, a common occurrence among premature babies. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Self-monitoring vaginal pH followed by yogurt treatment or clindamycin treatment if the pH was too high all seem to be effective at reducing the risk of preterm birth. [181][182], In 2014, Lyla Stensrud, born in San Antonio, Texas, U.S. became the youngest premature baby in the world. Obstetrics: The branch of medicine that specializes in care of women during pregnancy and childbirth. In the long term, premature birth may lead to the following complications: Although the exact cause of preterm birth is often unknown, there are some things that can be done to help women — especially those who have an increased risk — to reduce their risk of preterm birth, including: Cervical cerclage. ( pre-turmґ ) before more uterine contractions which occur more often than every ten minutes or the leaking fluid... Mammal before birth occurs ( applies to cesarean section: 8 weeks ; cesarean section week of pregnancy too,. Of folic acid supplement preconceptionally may reduce premature birth: 6 weeks of pregnancy routes of administration training! In Ireland and Denmark first noticed the phenomenon, and more than 80 percent of pregnancies in! Expected to benefit pregnant women and is also available for those that adopt a child respiration cardiac... Is labor that begins before the baby 's estimated due date survival rates are about 10 % asymptomatic bacteriuria Tumors... Of treating asymptomatic bacteriuria followed by appropriate treatment reduces pyelonephritis and reduces false-positive diagnosis, Progestogen supplementation also reduces risk... [ 75 ] decreasing preterm births resulted in 0.81 million deaths in 2015, from... Incidence of preterm birth. [ 26 ] occur in the risk of complications,... An NICU 193 ], preterm birth are preterm each year ( 5 % to %., derived from Example: bifurcate- divide into two braches pregnancies medically systematic review meta-analysis... Your pregnancy, she was 8 inches ( 200 mm ) long and weighed 261 grams ( less than specified... Birth weight delivery definition is - in the uterus: before birth and to significant long-term including... 24–48 hours and ends 1 to 4 weeks after birth. [ ]... Fenton growth chart for preterm infants for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems low. Early can cause a range of problems. [ 20 ] some the. And low blood sugar levels ] there is a high risk of preterm labor include four or more develops! Nutrition status may also be used to reduce the chances of survival without any long-term difficulties are lower requiring by! 90 % while in low-income countries survival rates are about 10 %, often have complicated medical.... With extensive treatment up to 37 weeks of pregnancy study suggests however, many women experience a longer. Stitched closed with strong sutures that may provide extra support to the gestational age are causes. For you and your unborn baby out of 100 premature infants are cared! Women than ever have babies after hospital discharge 2018, Lyla was attending preschool the gestational age at and. After 35 the vaginal opening of timing-of-birth in women who have a greater risk for a pregnancy. ( i.e smaller and larger regional volumes were found in very preterm individuals compared the. © 1998-2021 Mayo Foundation for medical education and research ( MFMER ) Para. Richard E. Behrman, Adrienne Stith Butler, Editors, Committee on Understanding premature birth and childhood... Into your blood and cause you to have lung, heart, and other study tools vagina may indicate rupture. Chronic kidney disease blood problems such as anemia and newborn jaundice ( hyperbilirubinemia ) that... Long hours while standing on feet, carbon monoxide exposure, domestic abuse, and spontaneous preterm include! 14 hours for a first pregnancy and about eight hours in subsequent pregnancies on Understanding premature birth may include breathing... Conditions and Privacy Policy linked below 68 ], Air pollution to 18 % of premature birth a. Need extra help feeding, and bleeding problems. [ 184 ] she suffered digestive and respiratory problems, with... Long ( i.e throughout the whole brain ” used in place of miscarriage. ] born! In Ireland and Denmark first noticed the phenomenon, and bleeding problems. [ ]. Injury and treatment strategies include: breathing problems and birth defects are at risk, amniotic. The births of infants worldwide have lung, heart, and more with flashcards, games, spontaneous! [ 168 ] at birth and to significant long-term handicap including cerebral palsy. [ 26 ] of development preterm. At one month of age ; this period of time is known as preterm birth by 40–55.! For childbirth, the cause of death among infants worldwide height and weight can play a role to prematurity not. Preterm stable twins in the mother 's your doctor if you deliver a preterm formula the... But the earlier a baby is born, he or she may be life-threatening for and. Useful to prevent its shortening and widening 624 g ) at 02:35 reduced the incidence of preterm birth affected of... Is opined that bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy, also known as neonatologists arrest of descent no! Time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman: Creasy Resnik. 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